@import url('/css/reset.css');
@charset "UTF-8";
/* 
Site built by Blue Ridge Solutions, Inc. 
Copyright Blue Ridge Solutions, Inc.  
www.blueridges.com 
*/

/* Site Tags (headers and styles for site and editor go inside /css/editor_content.css) */
html, body { font:16px/1.5em "ff-more-web-pro", Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; color:#2d2d2d; }
body, #sites_nav .current_site { background:#f5f5f5 url(/images/patterns/cardboard1_lt_gry.png); }

b, strong { font-weight:500; }

h1, h2, h3 { font-weight:500; }
h1 { font-size:24px; }
article h1, article h2 { line-height:24px; }

a { text-decoration:none; cursor:pointer; color:#d52b1e; } 
a:hover { text-decoration:underline; }
nav a, menu a, h1 a, h2 a, .nav_list_h li a, .nav_list_v li a, .page_hdr_blu1 a, .tab_menu a  { color:inherit; }
nav a:hover, menu a:hover, h1 a:hover, h2 a:hover, .nav_list_h li a:hover, .nav_list_v li a:hover, .page_hdr_blu1 a:hover, .tab_menu a:hover  { text-decoration:none; }

.copy h1 { font-size:26px; font-family:'proxima-nova',Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-weight:600; }
.copy h1 strong, .copy h1 b { font-weight:700; }
.copy h2 { font-size:22px; color:#11c8f1; font-family:'proxima-nova',Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-weight:600; }
.copy h2 strong, .copy h2 b { font-weight:700; }
.copy h1, .copy h2 { margin-top:2em; }
.copy h1:first-child, .copy h2:first-child, .copy p:first-child { margin-top:0; }
.copy img.lft { margin:0 1em 1em 0; }
.copy img.rgt { margin:0 0 1em 1em; }

.copy p,.copy ul,.copy ol { margin:12px 0; }
li { margin-left:36px; margin-bottom:6px; }
.copy li { margin-bottom:1em; }

blockquote { padding:12px 24px; background:#f6f6f6; border-left:3px solid #eee; }

table { width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; }
td { vertical-align:top; }

figure { position:relative; }
figure img { display:block; }

.nav_list_h { list-style:none; padding:0; margin:0; }
.nav_list_h li { display:inline-block; margin:0; }

.nav_list_v { list-style:none; padding:0; margin:0; }
.nav_list_v li, .nav_list_v li a { display:block; margin:0; }

.list_bars li:after { content: '|'; }
.list_bars li:last-child:after { content: none; }

.block { display:block; }
.menu a { display:block; padding:6px; }
nav a, .tags a { display:inline-block; }

.site_lft .menu a { padding:3px 6px; }
.site_lft .menu a:hover { color:#00b6f6; }

.admin_role .cms_region { position:relative; }
.admin_role .cms_edit { display:block; padding:4px 6px; background-color:#F60; font:12px Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; position:fixed; top:3px; right:3px; color:white!important; font-weight:bold; }
.admin_role .cms_edit:hover { display:block; border:none!important; }

/* Global Styles */
.pointer { cursor:pointer; }
.rgt, #main_article .alignright { float:right; display:inline; } /* IE7 */
.lft { float:left; display:inline; } /* IE7 */
.clr, .clr.both, footer, hr { clear:both; }
.clr_lft { clear:left; }
.clr_rgt { clear:right; }

.clrfx:before, .clrfx:after { content:""; display:table; }
.clrfx { zoom:1; }
.clrfx:after { clear:both; }

br.clr { height:0; line-height:0; }

.nowrap { white-space:nowrap; }

.accessibility { position:absolute; top:auto; left:-10000px; width:1px; height:1px; overflow:hidden; }

.drop_menu { display:none; }

.right { text-align:right; }
.left { text-align:left; }
.center { text-align:center; }

.italic { font-style:italic; }
.bold { font-weight:500; } /* For the serif font */
.normal { font-weight:normal; }

.full { width:100%; }
.half { width:50%; }
.third { width:33.33%; }
.fourth { width:25%; }
.fifth { width:20%; }
.sixth { width:16.66%; }
.two_thirds { width:66.66%; }
.three_fourths { width:75%; }
.two_fifths { width:40%; }
.three_fifths { width:60%; }
.four_fifths { width:80%; }
.five_sixths { width:83.33%; }

.font.sans { font-family:'proxima-nova',Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-weight:600; }
.font.sans b, .font.sans > b, .font.sans strong { font-weight:700; }
.font.sans2 { font-family:"Trebuchet MS", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; }
.font.serif { font-family: "ff-more-web-pro",Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; }
.font.serif b, .font.serif strong { font-weight:500; }

.font.face1 { font-family:'PreloSlabWebBlack', Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; letter-spacing:1px; } /* Large Titles, Bold Captions, Callouts */
.font.face2 { font-family:'PreloWebBook', Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; } /* Deck, Subheader, Captions, Dates */
.font.face3 { font-family:'GlosaDisplayWebMedium', Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; } /* Author Large, Section Breadcrumbs */
.font.face4 { font-family:'GlosaDisplayWebBold', Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; } /* Section Headers */
.font.face5 { font-family:'HeroicCondensedWebBold',Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; } /* Special Headers */
.font.face6 { font-family:'PreloDingbatsUpdateRegular'; } /* Globe and Globe arrows */

.font.size-3 { font-size:10px; font-size:0.625rem; -webkit-font-smoothing: subpixel-antialiased; }
.font.size-2_5 { font-size:11px; font-size:0.6875rem; }
.font.size-2 { font-size:12px; font-size:0.75rem; }
.font.size-1_5 { font-size:13px; font-size:0.8125rem; }
.font.size-1 { font-size:14px; font-size:0.875rem; }
.font.size-0_5 { font-size:15px; font-size:0.9375rem; }
.font.size0 { font-size:16px; font-size:1rem; }
.font.size1 { font-size:18px; font-size:1.125rem; }
.font.size2 { font-size:20px; font-size:1.25rem; }
.font.size3 { font-size:22px; font-size:1.375rem; }
.font.size4 { font-size:24px; font-size:1.5rem; }
.font.size5 { font-size:26px; font-size:1.625rem; }
.font.size6 { font-size:28px; font-size:1.75rem; }
.font.size7 { font-size:30px; font-size:1.875rem; }
.font.size8 { font-size:32px; font-size:2rem; }
.font.size12 { font-size:40px; font-size:2.5rem; }
.font.size16 { font-size:48px; font-size:3rem; }
.font.size20 { font-size:56px; font-size:3.5rem; }
.font.size24 { font-size:64px; font-size:4rem; }

.font.line_h1 { line-height:1em; }
.font.line_h2 { line-height:1.125em; }
.font.line_h3 { line-height:1.25em; }
.font.line_h4 { line-height:1.375em; }
.font.line_h5 { line-height:1.5em; }
.font.line_h6 { line-height:2em; }

.font_uc { text-transform:uppercase; }
.font_lc { text-transform:lowercase; }
.font_nc { text-transform:none; }

.table { display:table; width:100%; }
.cell { display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; }

.mar0 { margin:0!important; }
.mar1 { margin:6px; }
.mar2 { margin:12px; }
.mar3 { margin:24px; }
.mar4 { margin:36px; }

.mar_v { margin-left:0; margin-right:0; }
.mar_h { margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; }

.pad0 { padding:0!important; }
.pad1 { padding:3px; }
.pad2 { padding:6px; }
.pad3 { padding:12px; }
.pad4 { padding:24px; }
.pad5 { padding:36px; }

.pad_v { padding-left:0; padding-right:0; }
.pad_h { padding-top:0; padding-bottom:0; }

.rad0 { border-radius:0!important; }
.rad1 { border-radius:6px; }
.rad2 { border-radius:12px; }
.rad3 { border-radius:24px; }
.rad4 { border-radius:36px; }
	
.coaster { background-image:url(/images/patterns/hatch1-1_blk.png); }
.shadow1 { box-shadow:3px 3px 3px #000; }
.stitch { border:1px dashed #6d6d6d; }

.slideshow_style1 .eRotate_controls a { display:inline-block; padding:0 6px; }
.slideshow_style1 .eRotate_controls a.eRotate_select { position:relative; top:-3px; padding:0 4px; }
.slideshow_style1 .current_slide { color:#a6d249; }

.more:after { content:" E"; font-family:'PreloDingbatsUpdateRegular'; font-size:120%; }


/* Setup colors */
#viewport .inherit_color, #viewport .inherit_color * { color:inherit; }

#viewport .bg_blu, #viewport .hov_bg_blu:hover  { background-color:#11c8f1; color:white; }
#viewport .bg_blu2 { background-color:#29468d; color:white; }
#viewport .bg_blu3 { background-color:#32c8ff; color:white; }
#viewport .bg_grn, #viewport .hov_bg_grn:hover  { background-color:#7BC64E; color:white; }
#viewport .bg_gry, #viewport .hov_bg_gry:hover  { background-color:#333333; color:white; }

#viewport .bg_gry1 { background-color:#1a1a1a; }
#viewport .bg_gry2 { background-color:#252525; }
#viewport .bg_gry3 { background-color:#333333; }
#viewport .bg_gry4 { background-color:#444444; }
#viewport .bg_gry5 { background-color:#555555; }
#viewport .bg_gry6 { background-color:#666666; }
#viewport .bg_gry7 { background-color:#777777; }
#viewport .bg_gry8 { background-color:#888888; }
#viewport .bg_gry9 { background-color:#999999; }
#viewport .bg_gryA { background-color:#aaaaaa; }
#viewport .bg_gryB { background-color:#bbbbbb; }
#viewport .bg_gryC { background-color:#cccccc; }
#viewport .bg_gryD { background-color:#d8d8d8; }
#viewport .bg_gryE, #viewport .hov_bg_gryE:hover { background-color:#eeeeee; }
#viewport .bg_gryF { background-color:#f6f6f6; }

#viewport .bg_red, #viewport .hov_bg_red:hover  { background-color:#d52b1e; color:white; }
#viewport .bg_tan, #viewport .hov_bg_tan:hover  { background-color:#cfc9ac; }
#viewport .bg_tan2, #viewport .hov_bg_tan2:hover { background-color:#ebead6; }
#viewport .bg_wht  { background-color:#ffffff; }
#viewport .bg_blk  { background-color:#000000; }

#viewport .blu,  #viewport .hov_blu:hover,  #viewport .child_hov_blu a:hover   { color:#11c8f1; }
#viewport .blu1, #viewport .hov_blu1:hover { color:#00599c; }
#viewport .blu2, #viewport .hov_blu2:hover { color:#29468d; }
#viewport .blu3, #viewport .hov_blu3:hover { color:#32c8ff; }
#viewport .grn,  #viewport .hov_grn:hover  { color:#7BC64E; }

#viewport .gry1, #viewport .hov_gry1:hover { color:#1a1a1a; }
#viewport .gry2, #viewport .hov_gry2:hover { color:#2d2d2d; }
#viewport .gry3, #viewport .hov_gry3:hover { color:#3b3b3b; }
#viewport .gry4, #viewport .hov_gry4:hover { color:#444444; }
#viewport .gry5, #viewport .hov_gry5:hover { color:#565656; }
#viewport .gry6, #viewport .hov_gry6:hover { color:#666666; }
#viewport .gry7, #viewport .hov_gry7:hover { color:#777777; }
#viewport .gry8, #viewport .hov_gry8:hover { color:#888888; }
#viewport .gry9, #viewport .hov_gry9:hover { color:#959595; }
#viewport .gryA, #viewport .hov_gryA:hover { color:#aaaaaa; }
#viewport .gryB, #viewport .hov_gryB:hover { color:#bbbbbb; }
#viewport .gryC, #viewport .hov_gryC:hover { color:#cccccc; }
#viewport .gryD, #viewport .hov_gryD:hover { color:#dcdcdc; }
#viewport .gryE, #viewport .hov_gryE:hover { color:#eeeeee; }

#viewport .gry,  #viewport .hov_gry:hover  { color:#333333; }

#viewport .red,  #viewport .hov_red:hover,  #viewport .child_hov_red a:hover  { color:#d52b1e; }
#viewport .tan,  #viewport .hov_tan:hover  { color:#cfc9ac; }
#viewport .tan2, #viewport .hov_tan2:hover { color:#ebead6; }
#viewport .tan3, #viewport .hov_tan3:hover { color:#be9f59; }
#viewport .wht,  #viewport .hov_wht:hover  { color:#ffffff; }
#viewport .blk,  #viewport .hov_blk:hover  { color:#000000; }

.bg_hash_wht { background-image:url(/images/patterns/hash1-1_wht.png); background-repeat:repeat; }
.bg_hash_blk { background-image:url(/images/patterns/hash1-1_blk.png); background-repeat:repeat; }

.bdr0 { border:none!important; }
.bdr1 { border:1px solid; }
.bdr_v { border-right:0!important; border-left:0!important; }
.bdr_h { border-top:0!important; border-bottom:0!important; }
.dash_link:hover { border-bottom:1px dashed; }

.matte_wht { background:white; padding:3px; box-shadow:0 1px 0 #dcdcdc; }
.matte_wht.pad2 { padding:6px; }

.main_content { background:white; box-shadow:0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); }

.section_hdr1 { background-color:#f0f0f0; border-top:1px solid #29c6ef; border-bottom:1px solid #cfcfcf; font-size:20px; font-size:1.25rem; padding:12px; position:relative; }
.section_hdr1:before { content:''; position:absolute; bottom:0; left:0; width:100%; border-top:1px solid #fff; display:block; }
.section_hdr1 a { display:block; margin:-12px -12px -12px; padding:12px; border-bottom:1px solid white; position:relative; z-index:2; }
.section_hdr1 a:hover { border-bottom-color:#29c6ef; }
.section_hdr1 a span { color:#ccc; font-size:14px; font-size:0.875rem; line-height:1.5em; }
.section_hdr1 a:hover span { color:#29c6ef; }

.page_hdr_blu1 { border-bottom:1px solid #0ea8ca; border-top:1px solid transparent; background:#11c8f1; position:relative; text-shadow:0 -1px 0 rgba(11,140,168,0.77); }
.page_hdr_blu1:after { content:''; position:absolute; bottom:0; left:0; width:100%; border-bottom:1px solid #68ddf7; }

.img_ftr { position:absolute; left:0; bottom:0; }
.img_ftr [class*=icon] { text-shadow:0 1px 0px #333; cursor:pointer; }
.img_ftr [class*=icon]:hover { color:#00b6f6; }

.vignette1 { box-shadow:inset 0 0 36px #333; }
.vignette2 { box-shadow:inset 0 0 36px #cbc9c9; }

.dividers_v1 > * { border-top:1px solid #eee; padding:6px; font-size:14px; font-size:0.875rem; line-height:1.375em; display:block; }
.dividers_v1 > *:first-child { border-top:0; }
.dividers_v1 a:hover { color:#11c8f1; }

#viewport .cause:hover .effect { color:#11c8f1; }

/* Used in matching column heights, parent must be positioned */
.abs_scale { height:100%; position:absolute; top:0; right:0; float:none; padding-top:12px; padding-bottom:12px; }
.abs_scale > * { height:100%; }

[class*=arw_]{ width:0; height:0; border-style:solid; border-width:12px; } /* CSS Arrows pulls in font color and defaults to a 24px right triangle */

/* eScreen Media */
.media_screen { width:588px; height:588px; }
.media_screen figure { position:relative; background:url(/images/bg_blk40.png); margin:auto; }
.media_screen figcaption { position:absolute; bottom:6px; left:6px; background:url(/images/bg_blk70.png); }
.media_screen .credit { position:absolute; bottom:-1.5em; right:0px; }
.media_screen .close_overlay { position:absolute; top:-12px; right:0; cursor:pointer; }

#page_nav { cursor:default; text-align:center; }
#page_nav a { display:inline-block; padding:1px 3px; }
#page_nav a.rgt { position:absolute; top:0; right:6px; }
#page_nav a.lft { position:absolute; top:0; left:6px; }

/* Global Layout */
#site, #site_top, #site_mid, #site_btm { position:relative; }
#viewport { min-width:1080px; /* Solves background stop issue on smaller screens */ }
#wng_media #viewport  { min-width:inherit; }
#viewport .site { width:1080px; margin:auto; }
#viewport .drop_menu { display:none; }

#mobile_bar { background:black url(/images/mobile/navBarBg50.png) repeat-x center center; height:50px; padding:2px 6px; }
#mobile_bar a { background:black url(/images/mobile/btn_bg50.png) repeat-x center center; line-height:48px; padding:0 12px; border-radius:6px; }

/* Navigation for WNG's family of sites */
#sites_nav {
	box-shadow:inset 0 -1px 5px #000000; border-bottom:1px solid white;
	background:#2f2f2f; /* Old browsers */
	background:linear-gradient(to bottom, #2f2f2f 0%,#363636 100%); /* W3C */
	filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#2f2f2f', endColorstr='#363636',GradientType=0 ); /* IE6-9 */
}

#sites_nav > ul > li > a { display:block; padding:0 18px; border-right:1px solid #262626; border-left:1px solid #3e3e3e; font-size:14px; line-height:34px; border-bottom:1px solid transparent; }
#sites_nav > ul > li > a:hover { color:white; border-bottom-color:#29c6ef; }
#sites_nav a { cursor:pointer; }
#sites_nav a span { font-size:16px; line-height:34px; padding:0 6px 0 0; display:block; }
#sites_nav #nav_more span { display:inline-block; position:relative; top:3px; left:3px; line-height:28px; padding:0 0 0 6px; }
#sites_nav a span.rgt { padding:0 0 0 6px; }
#sites_nav .current_site { height:36px; margin-bottom:-2px; top:0; }
#sites_nav .current_site a { border:0; padding:0 12px; }
#sites_nav #nav_more:before { content:none; }
#sites_nav #nav_more.showing { border-bottom-color:transparent; color:white; }
#sites_nav #nav_more.showing > span { color:#29c6ef; }

/* Main Navigation */
#site_nav { margin-bottom:12px; position:relative; z-index:10; }
#masthead { position:relative; z-index:5; }

#site_top .drop_menu { font-size:14px; padding:12px; min-width:144px; text-align:left; text-transform:none; text-shadow:none; background:#353535; border-bottom:3px solid #29c6ef; }
#site_top .drop_menu:before { content:''; position:absolute; bottom:0; left:6px; border-width:6px 7px; border-style:solid; border-color:transparent; width:0; height:0; border-bottom-color:#29c6ef; }
#site_top .drop_menu a:hover, #site_top .drop_menu a.showing { color:#11c8f1; }
#site_top .eMenu_trigger { position:relative; }
#site_top .eMenu_trigger:before { content:''; position:absolute; top:50%; right:16px; margin-top:-2px; border-width:5px 3px; border-style:solid; border-color:transparent; width:0; height:0; border-top-color:#fff; }
#site_top .eMenu_trigger.showing:before { border-top-color:#29c6ef; }
	
	#main_nav { 
		box-shadow:0 -1px 1px #ffffff; border-top:2px solid #282828; border-bottom:2px solid 282828; color:white;
		background:#3d3d3d; /* Old browsers */
		background:linear-gradient(to bottom, #3d3d3d 0%,#353535 100%); /* W3C */
		filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#3d3d3d', endColorstr='#353535',GradientType=0 ); /* IE6-9 */
	}
	#main_nav a.menu_item { display:block; border-right:1px solid #262626; border-left:1px solid #3e3e3e; padding:0 28px; line-height:48px; height:48px; color:white; text-shadow:0 1px 0 black; font-size:20px; }
	#main_nav #nav_home:hover { border-bottom:2px solid #11c8f1; }
	#main_nav a.menu_item.showing { border-bottom:0; }
	
	#topical_nav { border-bottom:1px solid white; }
	#topical_nav a { line-height:30px; padding:0 9px; }
	#topical_nav a:hover { color:#d52b1e; }

	#sub_nav_current { width:372px; }

#site_mid { padding:0 0 24px; min-height:300px; z-index:5; }

#site_btm {
	box-shadow:0 -1px 1px #ffffff; color:white;
	border-top:10px solid #e1e1e1;
	background:#393939; /* Old browsers */
	background:linear-gradient(to bottom, #3d3d3d 0%,#353535 100%); /* W3C */
	filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#3d3d3d', endColorstr='#353535',GradientType=0 ); /* IE6-9 */
}
#site_btm h3 { font-size:14px; margin-bottom:0.125em; }
#site_btm ul + h3 { margin-top:0.75em; }
#site_btm menu a { float:none; text-transform:none; }
#site_btm .list_bars li a { padding:0 6px; }

/* Site ONLY Editor Content */
.editor_content {}

.editor_content img.rgt { margin:0px 0px 12px 12px; }
.editor_content img.lft { margin:0px 12px 12px 0px; }

.indent { text-indent:24px; }


/* Template Layouts & Content Formatting */
#ap_template body { background:none; }

#article_listing .teaser { border-bottom:1px solid #eee; }

/* Specific Pages */
#rollover .copy p strong { color:#11c8f1; }

/* AddThis Popup & Toolbox */
#at20mc, #at20mc * { box-sizing:content-box; -moz-box-sizing:content-box; -webkit-box-sizing:content-box; }

.addthis_toolbox {  }
.addthis_toolbox span { /*text-shadow:0px 1px 1px #999;*/ }

#sub_nav_print:after { content:''; height:2px; width:26px; margin:0; position:absolute; top:0; left:0; }
#nav_print.showing, #sub_nav_print .pad1, #sub_nav_print:after { background:url(/images/bg_blk80.png); color:white; opacity:1; }
#sub_nav_print { display:none; position:absolute; }
#sub_nav_print .pad1 { border-radius:3px; border-top-left-radius:0; margin-top:2px; }
#sub_nav_print .pad1 label { cursor:pointer; }


/* Print Only */
.print_only { display:none!important; }

@media print {
	img { max-width:100%; }
	.screen_only, #site_top, #site_btm, nav, .site_lft, .site_rgt, .face6, #page_content .pagination, .cms_edit, .enlarge_ico, #site_mid > .fourth, menu { display:none!important; }
	.print_only  { display:block!important; }
	
	#site article .body { font-size:14px; line-height:18px; }
	#site article .size8 { font-size:18px; line-height:24px; }
	#site article .size6 { font-size:16px; line-height:20px; }
	#site article .size10 { font-size:28px; line-height:30px; }
	
	#viewport, #viewport .site, #site, #site_mid { width:auto!important; padding:0!important; margin-right:0!important; margin-left:0!important; border:0!important; max-width:none!important; min-width:0!important; }
	
	#viewport .site { margin:1em!important; }
	
	#site_mid > .three_fourths  { display:block; float:none; width:100%; padding:0!important; }
	#site_mid article.main_content { box-shadow:none; }
	#site_mid article.main_content > .pad4, #main_article { padding-left:0; padding-right:0; }
	#site_mid .page_hdr_blu1 { color:#d52b1e; padding:12px 0 24px!important; text-shadow:none; border:none; }
	#site_mid .page_hdr_blu1:before { display:none; }
	#site_mid .page_hdr_blu1:after { border-bottom:12px solid #eee; bottom:6px; }
	#site_mid .page_hdr_blu1 > div { padding:0; }
	#site_mid .page_hdr_blu1 > h1 { padding:0; }
	
	#article_listing .teaser { margin-bottom:48px!important; }

	.print_link[href]:after, .print_link a[href]:after, .copy a[href]:after, .author_feature a[href]:after { content:" ["attr(href)"] "; }
	.print_link[href^="/"]:after, .print_link a[href^="/"]:after, .copy a[href^="/"]:after { content: " [worldmag.com" attr(href) "] "; }
	
	figure a[href]:after { display:none; }
}